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Nawrouz, Novruz, Nowrouz, Nowrouz, Nawrouz, Nauryz, Nooruz, Nowruz, Navruz, Nevruz, Nowruz, Navruz marks_1
  • Manage No, Sortation, Country, Writer ,Date, Copyright
    Manage No EE00001356
    Country Iran,India,Turkey,Pakistan,Afghanistan,Uzbekistan,Kazakhstan,Kyrgyzstan,Tajikistan,Turkmenistan,Iraq,Azerbaijan
    ICH Domain Social practices, rituals, festive events
    Address
    All over the country
Description It is the New Year by solar calendar in Central, South and South-West Asia countries. According to sources, Navruz was one of the biggest festivities among Iranian and Turkic peoples. Mahmud al-Kashgari in his work called "Diwanu l-Lugat al-Turk" mentions about many folk songs, which were dedicated to Navruz. Also, the information about Navruz festivity can be found in such works as "The remaining traces of past centuries" (written by Abu Rayhan al-Biruni), "Navruzname" (by Omar Khayyam), and those written by Alisher Navoi, Zahir-ud-Din Muhammad Babur and other scholars. In the territory of Central Asia Navruz festivity was associated with the beginning of the New Year. As such, the preparations for it began several days ahead. Wheat was germinated and from its sprouts sumalak was cooked, dumplings with greens and samosas with mint were prepared. Also folk games were organized (such as horseracing, uloq, kurash, etc.), promenades were arranged, songs about spring were sung, terma and dostons were performed (by bakhshis). On the first day of Navruz children, living in rural areas, gathered in groups and sang songs dedicated to Navruz before the doors of houses. And the owner of the house, hearing these songs, came out, gave presents to children, and treated them with food. In their turn, children distributed one part of the food among widows and orphans living in the village. All these traditions and customs are still alive.
Social and cultural significance Navruz was included in the Representative List of Intangible Cultural Heritage of Humanity in 2009 by seven countries (Uzbekistan, Iran, Turkey, Pakistan, Azerbaijan, India and Kyrgyzstan). In 2016 its geography has been widened and included 12 countries. Navruz is considered to be the festivity which celebrates the beginning of agricultural works. As a rule, during Navruz folk promenades were organized, delicious foods with use of fresh greens were prepared, sowing of some crops was initiated. Given the role and significance of this popular holiday, Navruz is held in all cities, regions and villages of our country as a popular celebration. In Uzbekistan Navruz is one of the most beloved festivities of Uzbek peoples. Notably, the day of Navruz, i.e. 21 March, was announced as a rest day. Each year on this day festive promenades and concerts are organized in the parks and squares across the country. Moreover, in mahallas in the course of several days festive events dedicated to Navruz are organized, sumalak, halim and other delicious foods are prepared. During the days of Navruz hokimiyats, activists of mahallas, and charities visit orphanages, war and labor veterans. In general, it could be told that songs and dishes, sumalak (sumalak sayli), tulip (lola sayli) and flower (gul sayli) festivals, various performances, folk games (kopkari, kurash), competitions, rituals (snowdrop ritual), etc., are all essential components of Navruz festivity. Representing part of the history and culture of our people, Navruz, besides being ancient, is considered to be a majestic and wonderful festivity that is reinterpreted and reconsidered by us every year.
Transmission method The prevailing mode of transmission of the element is the participation of all age and gender groups including children, young adults, middle-aged people and elders, whether women or men, in all parts of the ceremony. All the foregoing play a role in the transmission of the element from one generation to another. Besides these, there are new and modern ways of transmission such as radio and TV programmes, Internet (including social networks e.g. Facebook and Twitter), newspapers, artistic performances, and sending postcards; the modern means of transmission, take this tradition beyond its territory. In addition, due to better accessibility and ease of travel through the cities and even countries during the, Nowrouz, travellers play an important role in exchanges of traditions and, consequently, this leads to mutual awareness-raising of the diverse forms of the element. Finally, there are a number of organizations, universities, institutes and NGO’s throughout the territory that contribute to transmission, promotion and awareness-raising through official and academic research projects as well as the organization of public events and specialized conferences.
Community A large part of the Continent of Asia, from the Mediterranian Sea in the West to Volga River Basin and Ural Mountain Range in the East, to Southeast Europe and Indian Subcontinent. International Navruz Fund
Type of UNESCO List Representative List of the Intangible Cultural Heritage of Humanity
Incribed year in UNESCO List 2016
Keyword
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