| Description |
Calligraphy is one of the branches of fine art, it is also often called the art of beautiful writing. Calligraphers of Central Asia actively developed their craft and thus brought it to the level of art. There were even separate schools of calligraphy: Tashkent, Kokand, Khorezm, Samarkand and Bukhara. Each school had its own distinctive features, and experts could easily determine who wrote this or that inscription. Various styles of Arabic writing began to be used in architecture, carving and painting on ganch and wood. She was even present in the design of household utensils, clothing and other types of artistic creation. Among the most common writing styles are naskh, raikhani, rivo, suls, kufic and others. |
| Social and cultural significance |
The Islamic religion forbade the portrayal of people. At the same time, this ban contributed to the development of various ornamental capabilities of Arabic writing.
The heyday of art writing as an architectural ornament is presented in monuments in Samarkand, Herat, Bukhara, Khiva, Shahrizyabze, Kokand, Tashkent and other cities, facades, portals, pediments of madrassas and mosques, minarets, columns, walls of palaces were covered with calligraphers aphorisms of poets and scholars, images from Art writing was used and partially preserved in textiles, in the works of masters in porcelain, metal, stone, wood and alabaster, on carpets, dishes, women's handkerchiefs, men's belts, copper trays, carved wooden gates, wickets and doors, tombstones, swords, sabers and shields.
Thus, calligraphy actually became an important component of the spiritual and material culture of the past of our people. And now modern calligraphers continue the traditions of ancient masters. Today, students of the Tashkent State Institute of Oriental Studies, the International Islamic Academy and the National Institute of Fine Arts and Design named after Kamoliddin Behzad are studying the art of oriental calligraphy. Recently, a unique publication in Russian and English entitled "Samples of Oriental Calligraphy and Miniature Art of the 7th – 21st Centuries" has been released; the republican festival of calligraphy "World of Wisdom" is being held in Tashkent. |
