Materials
wood carving
ICH Materials 65
Videos
(6)-
Eer—A Kyrgyz Saddle
This film is about traditional Kyrgyz saddles. A saddle-making expert shows the technology behind saddle manufacturing and how to cover the saddle with leather and make ornaments. Specialists also talk about the history of the associated Kyrgyz saddle traditions.
Kyrgyzstan 2017 -
Models and Melodies of Komuz
The film is dedicated to the Kyrgyz folk instrument komuz. An expert on making and playing komuz shares an komuz origin story. The film shows the interconnectedness between the models and melodies of komuz. Outstanding komuz makers and players as well as komuz beginners present some classical komuz melodies in the film.
Kyrgyzstan 2017 -
Eer—A Kyrgyz Saddle(KOR)
This film is about traditional Kyrgyz saddles. A saddle-making expert shows the technology behind saddle manufacturing and how to cover the saddle with leather and make ornaments. Specialists also talk about the history of the associated Kyrgyz saddle traditions.\n\n키르기스 전통 안장 ‘에르’ 제작기법\n이 영상은 키르기스의 전통안장에 관한 내용이다. 안장 제작 전문가가 안장 제작 기술과 가죽으로 안장을 감싸는 방식, 그리고 장식품을 만드는 과정과 제작 방법, 키르기스 안장 전통의 역사에 대해 얘기한다.\n\n공동제작\n· 유네스코아태무형유산센터(ICHCAP)\n· 유네스코키르기스스탄위원회\n\n협력기관\n· 한국교육방송공사(EBS)\n· 국립아시아문화전당(ACC)
Kyrgyzstan 2017 -
Kosrae (FSM) ICH: Weaving and Local House
There are many forms of weaving and many items which can be woven on Kosrae. These include the weave mat (kiaka otwot), fan (pal), basket (fotoh), thatch on the ridge of the roof of a house using coconut fronds (sraho), fahsuh (weaving thatch roof using Nypa palm used only), among others. Kosraean warp-striping weaving may be considered unique among weaving cultures due to its complexity. \n\nThe Kosraean word for weaving depends on the item being woven. There exists a variety of woven items which served as currency, reinforced family ties and other relationships, as well as honor. In some cases, a chant may be shared to ensure a girl’s future in weaving. In the past and on contemporary Kosrae, weaving can be found in the preparation of food baskets for funerals, fishing baskets worn on waist of women fishing in the lagoons, loom-weaving for belts (tol), thatch roofing, hats, and cordage for example. \n\nThere can be at least three known types of baskets important in food preparation: fusanie, in the form of a star and used in storing fafa, (2) usanie kapiel or fusanie sa nu which is a larger form of the previous one and woven from young coconut leaves, and (3) kuumpäl which is a kind of basket with handles made of coconut fronds and named after the woven plate. Weaving served not only a function but can be considered a marker of the past. One particular kind of cord can be called nosunap, named after the god Nosunap (also spelled Nasrunsiap or Nazuenziap). \n\nKosrae used to be one of the largest consumers of sinnet cord, suggesting significant movement. This is consistent with oral histories collected in the recent past which connected Kosraeans all the way to Satawal and Puluwat. Among the most common materials for weaving, banal fiber, hibiscus, and pandanaus stand out as the materials of choice. The preparation for each material depends on the item to be woven. While banana fibers may be most common, the hibiscus fiber is easier to dye. Dyes for strands of weaving materials may come from terminal leaves, certain types of mud, and mangrove calyx (black), turmeric (yellow), banana suckers (blue), or marinade citrijolia (red). Of these colors, red was the most prized. The preparation of weaving materials can be lengthy, depending on the plant. The hibiscus fiber needs soaking in sea water for several days while the banana fibers need to dry in the sun and then each fiber is separated into thinner strands. Elders on contemporary Kosrae continue to practice weaving for it serves many uses.\n\nCarving : Carving in Kosraean culture is carried out by the mukul (men). They carve many items, including tok yot (stone fafa pounder), tok sak (wooden pounder for taro and banana for a dish called ainpat), tah (an axe for cutting breadfruit), fuhfak (for wooden handle of an axe used for firewood), oak (canoes), tuhp in fafa (wooden tray shaped like a boat used for presenting fafa), and mwe ahryahr (wooden spoons of many types including long or short or flat ones). The laklak (outrigger of a canoe) is another item which needs to be carved. Carving of toys and wooden sculptures. Oars that are carved along with the canoes.\nBuilding Local House : There are many kinds of houses which can be built using Kosraean methods, including in um (a cooking house), imun oak (canoe house), and iwen monglac (local resting house). Building a local house has always been a community effort, even today; although, of the heavier work is done by the mukul (men) and the weaving for the thatch on the roof is carried out by the muhtacn (women). The mukul will go into the forest to obtain materials from the forest and sometimes from mangroves, depending the type of wood needed for a particular type of house. There are five main sizes of wood needed to build a house and ten parts of the house requiring these five sizes of wood. The sru (posts) are the largest size and heavy. Moving them may be accompanied with a work chant which serves as motivation in lifting, moving, or pulling of the heavy objects. The next size includes kaclacp, lala, and ohl. The kaclacp and lala supports the ohl, which sets the height of the house. The next size wood is used for pokwuhsr (trusses). The next size smaller is used for sahkpahsr (rafters) and folo (beams). The smallest size are for the kwesrihk which is only for thatch roofing (it is where the thatch can be attached) and sukunum which is placed to support the thatch from the bottom. Cutting down the trees is according to the Kosraean moon calendar as is moving the logs from one part of the island to another to use the logs. Paksak (literally, floating of objects) refers to the right time to move the log from one place to another using rivers or channels. This is dependent on the tide. This practice existed because transportation was not available during that time so they usually cut down these big logs and used the chant to get the log to the shoreline and then move the log in the process of paksak to its new location.
Micronesia 2020 -
Kosrae (FSM) ICH: Canoe Building and Racing
Long ago, for some Caroline Islands, Kachau referred to Kosrae and sometimes the easterly direction. This continues to be remembered as such across the contemporary Caroline Islands. Islanders on Central Caroline atolls, today, trace their ancestors to Kosrae. Kosraeans were known to have sailed to the Marshall Islands and as far west as Satawal. Navigators had a very important role and needed to know much about many aspects of life. Navigators referred to the moon as well as stars to follow their course. \n\nCanoe builders are referred to as mwet orek oak (two morphemes, orek- refers to work and oak refers to canoe). In former times, they were a class of artisans who handed down their skills within the family. Each man was his own canoe builder. In the old days of canoe building on Kosrae, asset (a type of tree that can be used as a natural caulk for patching the side of the canoe or as an adhesive) was used to plug holes and a sap from mos (breadfruit) was used as a glue to bring pieces of wood together. The sap was mixed with wood shavings from the carving of the canoe. A red soil called lap was mixed with asset to paint the canoe. While there is red soil across the island of Kosrae, the correct location for the lap used on the canoes comes from Utwe. Special working chants were common when pulling down the felled tree trunk. These. Chants continue into contemporary Kosrae especially in times for hard work. At the end of the construction of a canoe, there is a special feast that occurs for the mwet seluh and the workers assisting him. \n\nAs modes of transportation have changed over time, canoes are less often used outside of the reef; however, the canoe is a prominent icon for Kosraeans because it is part of a popular activity of canoe racing. This came about after liberation from the Japanese period. It became a celebration activity on contemporary Kosrae in observation of Kosraean liberation from the Japanese.
Micronesia 2020 -
Traditional craftsmanship of Mongol ger
Craftsmanship of the Mongol Ger is a traditional enterprise involving the labour of a household or group, with men carving the wood and both women and men engaged in painting, sewing and stitching, and felt-making. Wooden frames comprise the crown, roof poles, wall lattices, door, two pillars and furniture produced by separate carpenters specialized for each. Traditional craftsmanship of Mongol ger is indeed reflects the nomadic culture, national identity which stands for the name card of Mongols to the world. Traditional craftsmanship is taught to the younger generations, principally through mentoring by a senior craftsperson. Dismantling and reassembling the Ger are always family operations, with children learning by watching their elders. Cutting and preparing sheep’s wool, making felt, stitching canvas and preparing woodwork are usually communal endeavours. As a traditional dwelling, the Mongol Ger plays an important social and cultural role for nomadic families and its makers are highly respected.\n
Mongolia