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Rapid urbanization and westernization are changing the environments in which intangible cultural heritage is rooted. The importance of documentation that traces the effect of social changes on intangible cultural heritage is being emphasized as a safeguarding measure. Quality video documentation is an important resource that enables the conservation and transmission of existing intangible cultural heritage and raises its visibility. Video documentation is the best medium to record intangible cultural heritage in the most lifelike manner, using the latest technologies. It is also an effective tool for communicating with the public. However, conditions for video production in the Asia-Pacific remain poor, requiring extensive support for quality video documentation. ICHCAP has been working to build the safeguarding capabilities of Member States and raise the visibility of intangible cultural heritage in the Asia-Pacific by supporting the true-to-life documentation of intangible cultural heritage as this heritage is practiced and cooperating with experts, communities, and NGOs in related fields. Since 2010, ICHCAP has hosted annual Central Asian sub-regional network meetings with Uzbekistan, Kazakhstan, Kyrgyzstan, Tajikistan, and Mongolia to support the ICH safeguarding activities of Central Asia. Through their collaboration, ICHCAP has supported projects involving collecting ICH information, producing ICH websites, and constructing ICH video archives. At the Sixth Central Asia Sub-regional Network Meeting in Jeonju in 2015, ICHCAP, four Central Asian countries, and Mongolia adopted a second three-year cooperation project plan on producing ICH videos to enhance the visibility of ICH in Central Asia. ICHCAP developed guidelines and training programs for the project and invited video and ICH experts from the participating countries, and held a workshop in November 2015. After the workshop, focal points for the project were designated in each country, and each focal point organization formed an expert meeting and a video production team to produce ICH videos. Interim reports were submitted to ICHCAP in February 2016, and the first preview screening was held in Dushanbe, Tajikistan, during the Seventh Central Asia Sub-regional Network Meeting in May 2016. Since then, each country has carried out the project according to the project plan. ICHCAP met with each country between October 2016 to February 2017 to check on the project progress. After the final preview screening during the Eighth Central Asia Sub-regional Network Meeting in Bishkek, Kyrgyzstan, in 2017, final editing process took place in each country, and fifty ICH videos were completed by October 2017. All photos introduced on this page along with fifty ICH videos are from the exhibition 'Living Heritage: Wisdom of Life' held in the Republic of Kyrgyzstan and the Republic of Korea. Designed for introducing various ICH in the five countries, this exhibition shows photos on representative twenty elements in each country collected during the process of on-site survey and documentation for ICH Video Production Project in Central Asia by experts participated in the ICH video production project. ICHCAP will continue its ICH documentation projects in the Asia-Pacific region for the next ten years by expanding the scope from Central Asia and Mongolia to Southeast Asia, Southwest Asia, and the Pacific. Partners Mongolian National Commission for UNESCO • National Commission of the Kyrgyz Republic for UNESCO • National Commission of the Republic of Kazakhstan for UNESCO and ISESCO • National Commission of the Republic of Uzbekistan for UNESCO • National Commission of the Republic of Tajikistan for UNESCO • Foundation for the Protection of Natural and Cultural Heritage Mongolia • National Committee for the Safeguarding of the Intangible Cultural Heritage under the National Commission of the Republic of Kazakhstan for UNESCO and ISESCO • School of Fine Art and Technical Design named after Abylkhan Kasteyev • State Institute of Arts and Culture of Uzbekistan • Tajik film • Tajikistan Research Institute of Culture Information • Korea Educational Broadcasting System • Asia Culture Center Supporters UNESCO Almaty and Tashkent Cluster Offices • Cultural Heritage Administration • Panasonic Korea • Turkish Airlines
Photos
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Adras weaving
Weaving process of traditional adras fabric. Adras is woven using the traditional method of dyed silk and cotton threads on wooden looms. Adras fabric is used for sewing women's dresses, men's turban, blankets, etc.
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Ashaglon ritual
Ashaglon is a Tajik traditional rite with a stuffed Ashaglon for making rain from the sky or from God. The ceremony is usually performed by women when there is no rain in the days of spring and during periods of drought. Women walk through rural houses and sing a special song of Ashaglon. One of the women picks up a stuffed animal of Ashaglon. Housewives leave the house and spray water on their heads and ask for rain from God.
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Blacksmithing
Blacksmithing, a traditional Tajik profession, includes forging, forge welding, casting, and soldering copper hearths and heat-treated products. The main materials for the blacksmith are iron, steel, lead, copper and other noble metals, including their alloys.
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Bride festival
Bride festival is a traditional gathering and celebration of spring in the northern districts of Tajikistan. New brides come together with their close relatives such sisters, mothers-in-law, sisters-in-law in one village house. There, they prepare sumanak a special Navruz halva and other traditional dishes.
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Chakan embroidery art
The art of chakana embroidery is a kind of woman's way of embroidering and decorating garments with flowers and symbolic designs with multi-colored threads on cotton or silk fabrics. Usually, masters with the art of chakan embroider women's dresses, national headdresses, pillows, bedspreads, waist scarves, a towel, curtains, suzane, curtain for decorating the top of the walls, etc.
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Chavgon horse game
Chavgon is a traditional Tajik team sport played with a chavgon (stick) and guy (ball) in a field. The game is split into two seven-minute parts called chukka. Players, on horseback, try to hit the ball into their opponent’s goal. A referee controls the match. Chavgon competitions are held during Nowruz celebrations and official national holidays.
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Comic Dance
The comic dance is performed to the accompaniment of an ensemble of folk musical instruments. The dance is performed by two men, one of them plays the role of a woman, and the other the role of a horseman who is trying to get to know her. At the end of the dance, the woman suddenly removes the handkerchief and the rider sees that he has been played and that there is a man in front of him.
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Doirabazm
Doirabazm is a group play of women on the doira (tambourine), which is usually performed at some festivals and events.
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Hand mill stone “bulbulok”
Bulbulok (hand mill stone) is a kind round stone for grinding grain, dry fruits, and other food. It is popular among peoples of mountainous areas of Tajikistan, especially Badakhshan.
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Traditional butter production
Traditional methods of producing butter are still being used today in Tajik villages. In the process, women use special tools called guppy and dughkashak.
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Fire-oven making
Traditional craft of making tanur a special oven for baking breads involves the use of clay and other materials.
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Navruz
Navruz is an ancient and widespread holiday in Tajikistan, and it is celebrated on the vernal equinox, the beginning of the solar year and the new year according to the Iranian calendar, as well as calendars of several other nationalities. Navruz traditionally celebrates the awakening of nature and the beginning of agricultural work.
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Sumanak preparation
Sumanak is a special spring halva for the Navruz festive table. Sumanak is a delicious and healthy dish that restores strength and cheerfulness, which may have been lost during the winter. In the process of cooking, it is necessary to stir constantly the big skimmer. As a rule, this is usually done by women.
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Oshi burida preparation
Oshi burida is a traditional soup with pasta, beef, oil, and vegetables. The pasta is prepared in as long threads, similar to spaghetti. Among Tajik people, this form is considered a symbol of long life and happiness.
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Ropewalking_1
Ropewalking is the most common type of traditional circus and art show. A ropewalking troupe consists of seven to eight performers, musicians, and comics.
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Shashmakom
Shashmakom - Central Asian musical genre, literally means "six maqams", that is, a system of six basic modes. Shashmaqom consists of instrumental and vocal parts. The Shashmakom ensemble consists of singers, dancers, tanbur, dutar, and doira musicians.
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Cap making
The craft of making embroidered skullcaps with different fabrics is a Tajik tradition. Different kinds of traditional caps include toqii chakan, zarduzi, iroqi, and chusti. Men, women, and children wear caps these caps. Old men wear them under their turbans.
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Wedding ceremony
The ritual of the first arrival of the bride, her relatives and friends to the groom's house on the wedding day, which is accompanied by the play of joyful music, folk songs and dances.
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Stone game
Donakbozi game is a children's game with apricot pits, which is played in the summer by children 8-12 years old. A small hole 5-6 cm deep is dug out for the game. The main game item is either four apricot pits or four small pebbles. Players draw a line at a distance of 1.5 meters from the hole and, standing behind the line, throw their bones or stones into the hole.
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Wrestling
Wrestling is one of the oldest sports in the world. There are two forms of traditional struggle among the Tajik people: free struggle and national struggle. Wrestling competitions in Tajikistan are organized on the occasion of traditional holidays such as Navruz, Mehrgon and public holidays. The wrestling takes place in open areas and attracts a large number of wrestlers and spectators from all over the country.
Tajikistan
Videos
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Embroidery with Yellow-Golden Threads: The Artist
Muqarama Kayumova doesn’t speak about herself much, but she appears knowledgeable and understanding. As head of the Foundation of Craftsmen of Tajikistan, she is known as a designer and a participant of the festival movement of folk craftsmen. Her father, a Tajik originally from Samarqand, moved to Dushanbe when the republic of Tajikistan was formed. The family practiced golden embroidery, and the knowledge and skills were passed to children. Golden embroidery was a domestic hobby and the opportunity for Muqarama to create something to decorate an interior or a dress. In her workshop are awards, diplomas, and certificates recognizing her for her accomplishments and talents. Her finest pieces are in galleries and collections outside of Tajikistan. And whatever work is currently exhibited in her workshop will eventually leave as well. One of her rules is to create something necessary for people, something to decorate their lives. Knowing Muqarama means being introduced to the craftsman, the artist, the designer, the art-manager, the historian, and a person who is in love with her country.
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Gurghuli—Traditional Epic
This video is about the centuries-old Tajik epic Gurghuli. The epic consists of thirty-three chapters, and the narrators recite it while playing a traditional string instrument. The epic begins with the mythical hero’s birth in a tomb, which is why he is named Gurghuli, for gur means “tomb” and ghul means “great.” This video shows an authentic performance as well as interviews with researchers and the performer who explain the history and significance of Gurghuli.
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Labchang—The Mouth Harp
Labchang, a musical instrument known from ancient times, received its name because it is placed between the lips and is played with fingers. Some old people in a few areas of Tajikistan continue to play labchang, so the art of playing has almost disappeared. The young generation generally doesn’t even know about the instrument. This film is dedicated to the methods of play on various types of labchangs in different parts of Tajikistan.
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Miniature
The artist’s art has not enough development yet. The little part’s of artists interested in this kind art “Miniature”. Sarvinoz Khodjaeva and her husband engaged many years to this kind art. They even conduct a young artist’s club in their home and teach the young artists about art miniature. Sarvinoz and Olimdjon organized several demonstrations of miniature artwork in Tajikistan and abroad.
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Naqshkhoni—The Folk Song Genre
Naqshkhoni, a genre of folk music, has an old history and is performed only during weddings and festivals. Currently this musical genre has survived only in northern Tajikistan. The main characteristic of naqshkhoni is that it is sung a cappella by a group of old and respectful people. Special attention and interest has been shown in reviving this genre over the past few years, especially by young people. The film is dedicated to the performance of this folk expression.
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Navruz Games
Representative List of the Intangible Cultural Heritage of Humanity, 2016 Navruz is celebrated in Iranian cultures such as Tajikistan. As it is a happy festive day to welcome the spring after the long winter, the children enjoy various games. This video shows the children at play. Girls wear traditional Tajik costumes, and boys wear formal clothes while playing games like pebble tossing and catching, kite flying, stick tossing, skipping rope, hacky sack, arm wrestling, swinging, breaking eggs. They also sing, allowing viewers to also feel cheerfulness of a festive day and become quite comfortable
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Skills of Making Musical String Instruments
The traditional Tajikistani string instrument rubob and the flute mehtar are handmade. Rubob produces easy-listening sound, so it’s good for listeners to hum along with the melody it plays. On the other hand, mehtar, famous for its loud sounds, is popular for merry events like wedding ceremonies. This video shows how to play and make both instruments.
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Suzaniduzi—Folk Embroidery
Embroidery a favorite hobby of Tajik women, being practiced in various forms and styles in different parts of Tajikistan. Suzaniduzi is a popular form of embroidered needlework. Initially, a naqsh (drawing) is outlined on cloth and later is embroidered with colorful thread, according to the taste of the embroiderer. Every suzaniduzi pattern has a specific meaning. Most naqsh are inspired by nature. The patterns have ceremonial significance, and that’s why most of them are prepared for brides and the house of newlywed couples.
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TTajik Textile Crafts
The artful Tajiks of Central Asia invented and preserved their crafts and traditions since ancient times. One popular craft among the people is textile weaving, mainly silk weaving, which has its own local features throughout Tajikistan. Atlas and adras silk fabrics as well as chitgari (block-printing) made with natural colors are known in northern Tajikistan while gulbast is known in southern regions.
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Traditional Tajik Dances
Various dance forms are performed in relation to nature throughout Tajikistan. The dances are varied, mainly having an imitating character. Performed by folk artists, the dances are transferred from generation to generation. Some of the rare dances are gone with their performers. The Pamiri people perform a rare mourning dance that is currently performed only in Bartang Valley and is on the verge of disappearances. Other dance forms are being revived day by day.
Tajikistan 2017