| Description |
Production of folk musical instruments in Uzbekistan and traditions of performance. The history of traditional folk musical instruments of Uzbekistan is incredibly rich and diverse. Rubab is a string bow instrument. It has a wooden convex body (round or oval in shape), a leather deck, 4-6 intestinal, silk or metal strings, usually tuned in quarts, and resonating strings. The most common rubabs are 800-1000 mm long. Sound is extracted usually by plectrum. The Uzbek orchestra of folk instruments includes 3 varieties of rubabs: prima, viola, tenor. Varieties of rubab are found in various peoples of the East: Afghan, Dulan, Kashgar, Pamir and other rubabs. It is also known that the rubab is played in North Africa and in the southern provinces of Spain. It was borrowed to Europe in the XII century under the name of Rebra. In Turkey, there is a three-string rubab. Among the Persians it is called "Rabet Barbitus". |
| Social and cultural significance |
Nowadays, musical performance and training in playing folk instruments requires further improvement. For the same purpose, the holding of scientific and practical conferences, republican, international competitions of musicians-performers, ensembles and orchestras of folk instruments are of regular nature. Particular attention is paid to the creation of teaching aids that meet modern requirements, and the creation of private methodologies for individual tools. There are still many unresolved problems in the quality of training and education of musicians-performers of wide profile, in further improvement of pedagogy, methodology and musical performance. The work on the exchange of experience in pedagogical, creative methodical and performing activities between music universities requires radical improvement and further improvement. Performance on folk instruments in recent years has gained quite high authority, however, the successes achieved are only the beginning before a new reversal in the activities of teachers, performers and researchers in the field of folk instruments. Nowadays, in all musical universities of the republic there are faculties of folk instruments, where you can learn the skill of playing almost all instruments. Many of the Uzbek folk instruments are now popular not only in our republic, but also outside its borders. Nai, chang, rubab, dutar, tanbur, doira, nagar and bayan - without them it is impossible to imagine the modern musical life of Uzbekistan. The history of national music includes the names of masters, instruments made by whose hands, have long found their place in museum exhibitions and private collections. Their traditions are continued by modern masters. |
| Transmission method |
Transmission of knowledge and skills is going in two directions: via Republican "Khunarmand" Association and its regional branches, as well as on the basis of traditional Usto-Shogird (“Master-Apprentice”) learning method and/or within formal educational programme in specialized educational establishments, hobby groups in culture centers. |
| Community |
Republican "Khunarmand" Association and its regional branches, Groups in culture centers, children’s music schools, specialized colleges, Conservatory and other universities of a musical profile, State Philharmonic Society |
