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Manage No, Sortation, Country, Writer ,Date, Copyright Manage No EE00002120 Country Republic of Korea ICH Domain Performing Arts Social practices, rituals, festive events Address Gangwon-doYear of Designation 1985.12.01
Description | [National Intangible Cultural Heritage, Republic of Korea] Gangneung Nongak is a leading farmers’ music handed down in areas east of Taebaek Mountain Range in Gangwon-do. Also called nongsa puri (explanation of the farming process) music, the music is presumed to have been naturally made with the start of farming. A Gangneung Nongak troupe is composed of people carrying farming tools, swaenap (conical wooden oboe), kkwaenggwari (small gongs), jing (large gongs), buk (drums), janggo (hourglass-shaped drum), sogo (small drums), and beopgo (Buddhist drum), and mudong (dancing boys). Performers wear white jacket and trousers, with their bodies decorated with bands in three colors (red, blue, and yellow); dancing boys wear colorful clothes. Gangneung Nongak is performed on the following occasions: jisin bapgi (“earth spirit treading”); geollip nongak [geollippae (fund-raising troupe)’s performance]; gimmaegi nongak (performance for planting rice seedlings and weeding); jilmeokgi (party for farm laborers); geollipgut (geollippae’s shamanic performance); madanggut (courtyard ritual), etc. The foregoing events are also held in other regions, but the following are performed only in Gangneung with the accompaniment of Gangneung Nongak: dalmajigut (rite to the first full-moon), hwaetbul nori (torch play), notdari bapgi (one selected among a group of young women, who treads on their waists as they lie down), gimmaegi nongak, jilmeolki, and gil nori nongak (road performance). Gangneung Nongak plays an important role as an event that provides consolation in the hard life of farmers and helps villagers build friendship with each other. |
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Community | Gangneung nongak |
Type of UNESCO List | Representative List of the Intangible Cultural Heritage of Humanity |
Incribed year in UNESCO List | 2014 |
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EE00002122
Gurye Jansu Nongak (Farmers' Performance of Jansu, Gurye)
[National Intangible Cultural Heritage, Republic of Korea] Gurye Jansu Nongak refers to farmers’ music that has been handed down in Sinchon Village, Sinwol-ri, Gurye-eup, Gurye-gun. It contains the characteristics of Honam Jwado Nongak (Farmers’ Performance of the Western Jeolla-do). Basically, local farmers’ music is composed of those performed on the following occasions: dangsan jemangut (rite to village guardians), madang bapgi (treading on the courtyard), and pangut (entertainment-oriented performance). As for dangsan jemangut, it is performed at shrines for village guardians in the morning. After the rite is finished, the troupe pays a visit to each house to perform madang bapgi followed by pangut, with all villagers taking part. Members of the local farmers’ music troupe are villagers. The performance became famous in nearby areas, including Suncheon and Namwon. Nongak wichin gyechick and Nongak chuichingye gyejaesujibu, which were drawn up from 1954, are documents concerning the rules of the troupe and its financial status.
Republic of Korea 2014 -
EE00000171
Nongak, community band music, dance and rituals in the Republic of Korea
[Inscribed in 2014 (9.COM) on the Representative List of the Intangible Cultural Heritage of Humanity] Nongak is a fusion performing art genre that combines a percussion ensemble (with occasional use of wind instruments), parading, dancing, drama, and acrobatic feats. It has been practiced for various purposes, such as appeasing gods, chasing evil spirits and seeking blessings, praying for a rich harvest in spring, celebrating the harvest at autumn festivals, fund-raising for community projects, and professional entertainment. Any joyful community event was never complete without uproarious music and dance performed by the local band clad in colorful costumes. The resultant ecstatic excitement (sinmyeong) is often defined as a preeminent emotional characteristic of Korean people. The music frequently uses uneven beats of complex structures like simple three-time, compound time, and simple and compound time. Small hand-held gongs and hourglass drums, with their metal and leather sounds, play the main beats, while large gongs and barrel drums create simple rhythmic accents. The small hand-held drum players focus more on dancing than playing music. Dancing includes individual skill demonstrations, choreographic formations, and streamer dances. Actors wearing masks and peculiar outfits perform funny skits. Acrobatics include dish spinning and miming antics by child dancers carried on the shoulders of adult performers. Nongak was most often performed and enjoyed by grassroots people, but there were also professional groups putting on entertainment shows. In recent years, professional repertoires have evolved into the percussion quartet “Samul Nori” and the non-verbal theatrical show “Nanta,” dramatically emphasizing the music element and thereby appealing to broader audiences at home and from abroad.
Republic of Korea 2014