PI00005190

At the end of the vilavilairevo, a special chant or song is sung to celebrate the successful culmination of the vila ritual and that no one was harmed in the process.

PI00005178

The irevo is covered with silaniviti (Coix lachryma) for ritual protection and to sustain the earthoven for use in future.

PI00005152

Firewalking (Vila) an intangible gift to the people of Sawau (Beqa, Fiji) performed only on solemn ceremonial occasion. This is the mystical phenomenon of walking on hot stones passed through generations from the Sawau ancestors.

PI00005154

The voivoi or pandanus (Pandanaceae sp) is a versatile plant with leaves growing to about 2 meters long. The leaves are harvested, boiled and dried to weave liku (skirt) for the firewalkers. The latter is the main component of the firewalker's ensemble.

PI00005156

The dried pandanus for steeping is submerged carefully around the mud pool for 3 nights. The thick mud texture assists in anchoring the leaves under and dried tree branch(es) used as markers

PI00005158

Water is boiled to maximum in a large pot before black dried pandanus leaves are first dipped then 'kalabuci damu’ branches are placed atop. This is simmered overnight.

PI00005160

Dried pandanus is boiled in a pot and grated turmeric is added by the handful. Extra care is taken to ensure that the turmeric is evenly suspended in the pot. This is to ensure right consistency and spread of colour.

PI00005162

WEAVING PROCESS: At the completion of the dying process, pandanus is cut into strips and sorted into pairs (black and yellow). These are then plaited to produce the liku (skirt) which is the main part of the traditional ensemble.

PI00005164

The irevo (firewalking pit) is the main arena with which the Sawau power over heat and fire will manifest. The completed arrangement and actual look of the irevo before incineration. Note the careful arrangement of logs around the pit. The dried coconut branches popping out are used to fire up the irevo.

PI00005166

Huge rocks are manually collected by men for the firewalking pit. As many as 50 of these rocks can be gathered for the fire pit. The best rocks are from nearby rivers and creeks.

PI00005168

Vines or lianas and slender branches cut from the forest are collected and used as "broom" to clear and drag the burning logs and leftover embers, leveling the heated rocks in the irevo.

PI00005170

Bolders and large rocks are then piled one by one atop the log arrangement. The logs are proportionate to rocks size so that burning will engulf the entire pit and heat rocks to the max.

PI00005172

Super heated rocks and bolders after hours of burning. When the embers die down, the heat is felt about 5 feet from the pit. It is now ready for the vilavilairevo (firewalking) ritual.

PI00005174

The sacredness of the ceremony requires the dauvila respect certain taboos before they walk. They congregate in a special house the previous evening preparing before walking to the irevo the next day.

PI00005176

The dauvila begin the walk across the fire pit (on hot stones). The order of "walk" is random. Any who breaks the taboo will burn his feet during the walk.

PI00005153

The making of costumes for the dauvila (firewalker) is a very significant part of the ritual as it re-enacts the moment when the gift of Vila becomes the Sawau collective intangible cultural heritage (ICH). Women, mostly, participate in its preparation. The costumes are vibrant and intricately woven, symbolic of power and strength. Wearers project a different self allowing them to walk on hot stones.

PI00005155

DYING PANDANUS BLACK:The dried pandanus leaves are dyed black through a natural steeping process in swampy mud pools. The dried leaves are clustered in batches before immersing in mud.

PI00005157

The ‘kalabuci damu’ is a cultivated plant similar to A-wilkesiana but with rounded leaf blades up to 15cm long. Leaves from this plant are boiled with the swamp steeped pandanus to darken its colour.

PI00005159

DYING PANDANUS YELLOW: Fresh turmeric or ‘cea’ (pronounced "there") is a natural dye used in the yellow coloring of pandanus. Cea is dug, cleaned, grated then boiled with dried pandanus leaves.

PI00005161

The pandanus turns yellow after a long implement (often a long stick) is used to push and stir the leaves and strong turmeric mix together. The swirling and thorough soaking movement ensures proper coloring.

PI00005163

Yellow and black pandanus strips are woven together using dried fibres of the wild hibiscus (Hibiscus tiliaceus). The weaving process accompanied by chanting is a communal affair of women folk.

PI00005165

Wood from the ‘Ivi’ (Inocarpus fagiferus) makes great firewood for the irevo (firewalking pit) because it gives off great heat and burns slowly.

PI00005167

The balabala fern (Cyatheaae family) is also used as a medium to "transfer" invisible fire gnomes (veli) from the forests to the irevo (firewalking pit). The whole tree is laid across the irevo.

PI00005169

This is the foremost arrangement of rocks and logs in the irevo to facilitate free flow of air and maximum combustion since pit is 3 - 4 feet deep. Bolders and huge log are placed atop before incineration.

PI00005171

The burning of the logs slowly heat the rocks for hours. Rocks turn bright red during the combustion process.

PI00005173

SOLEVU: PERFORMING THE VILA. The enactment of the vilavilairevo (firewalking) and the culmination of this sacred ritual. Before the actual ceremony, the dauvila use the vines prepared to level the irevo stones and bolders.

PI00005175

Slender branches are used to remove embers and also level hot stones. Note the balabala (fern) tree stem laid across the fire pit to transfer invisible fire gnomes protecting the dauvila (firewalker) when they walk on hot stones.